Gemstones have fascinated people for centuries because of their beautiful colors, distinctive appearances, rarity, and natural patterns. They are used in jewelry, decoration, collections, cultural traditions, and many other areas of life.

Gemstones can appear in almost every color imaginable. Some are famous for their vivid blue color, while others are known for rich green, brilliant red, soft pink, golden yellow, purple, black, white, or multicolored appearances.

If you are searching for names of gemstones and their colors, this guide provides more than 100 gemstone names organized by their common or well-known colors. It is useful for anyone interested in jewelry, gemstones, fashion, crafts, mineral collecting, or general knowledge.

Note: A gemstone’s color can vary depending on its variety, mineral composition, trace elements, treatments, lighting, and origin. The colors listed below are common or representative rather than the only colors a gemstone can have.

100+ Names of Gemstones and Their Colors

1. Red Gemstones

Red gemstones are often associated with rich, intense, and dramatic colors. Some may appear bright red, while others have pinkish, purplish, or orange-red tones.

1. Ruby — Red
2. Red Spinel — Red
3. Red Garnet — Deep Red
4. Almandine Garnet — Reddish Brown
5. Pyrope Garnet — Deep Red
6. Rhodolite Garnet — Purplish Red
7. Red Beryl — Red to Reddish Pink
8. Carnelian — Orange Red
9. Red Jasper — Brick Red
10. Fire Agate — Red, Orange, and Brown
11. Red Tourmaline — Red to Pink
12. Rubellite — Pinkish Red to Red
13. Red Zircon — Red to Reddish Brown
14. Red Coral — Red
15. Cuprite — Deep Red to Brownish Red

Ruby is one of the most recognizable red gemstones, while garnets occur in several different red shades.

2. Blue Gemstones

Blue gemstones are popular for jewelry because of their cool and elegant appearance.

16. Sapphire — Blue
17. Blue Topaz — Light to Bright Blue
18. Aquamarine — Pale Blue to Blue
19. Tanzanite — Blue to Violet Blue
20. Lapis Lazuli — Deep Blue
21. Blue Zircon — Blue
22. Blue Spinel — Blue
23. Blue Tourmaline — Blue
24. Iolite — Violet Blue
25. Sodalite — Blue
26. Dumortierite — Blue
27. Azurite — Deep Blue
28. Larimar — Pale Blue
29. Kyanite — Blue
30. Celestite — Pale Blue

Blue gemstones can range from extremely light, almost transparent shades to deep and saturated colors.

3. Green Gemstones

Green gemstones are often associated with nature and can range from pale green to intense emerald-like shades.

31. Emerald — Green
32. Peridot — Yellowish Green
33. Green Tourmaline — Green
34. Green Garnet — Green
35. Tsavorite Garnet — Vivid Green
36. Jade — Green
37. Green Aventurine — Green
38. Malachite — Green with Bands
39. Chrysoprase — Apple Green
40. Green Sapphire — Green
41. Green Spinel — Green
42. Prehnite — Pale Green
43. Serpentine — Green
44. Variscite — Green
45. Bloodstone — Dark Green with Red Spots

Emerald is one of the best-known green gemstones, while malachite is especially recognizable because of its distinctive banded patterns.

4. Pink Gemstones

Pink gemstones range from very pale pastel shades to vivid pink and pinkish-red colors.

46. Pink Sapphire — Pink
47. Pink Tourmaline — Pink
48. Morganite — Peachy Pink
49. Rose Quartz — Soft Pink
50. Pink Spinel — Pink
51. Pink Topaz — Pink
52. Rhodolite Garnet — Pinkish Purple
53. Kunzite — Pink to Lilac
54. Pink Opal — Pink
55. Pink Zircon — Pink
56. Pink Chalcedony — Pale Pink
57. Pink Beryl — Pink
58. Pink Agate — Pink
59. Pink Calcite — Pale Pink
60. Pezzottaite — Pink to Reddish Pink

Pink gemstones are popular in rings, necklaces, bracelets, earrings, and other jewelry.

5. Purple Gemstones

Purple gemstones can range from soft lavender to deep violet.

61. Amethyst — Purple
62. Purple Sapphire — Purple
63. Purple Spinel — Purple
64. Charoite — Purple
65. Lepidolite — Lilac to Purple
66. Purple Fluorite — Purple
67. Sugilite — Purple
68. Iolite — Blue Violet
69. Kunzite — Pinkish Purple
70. Purple Garnet — Purple
71. Purple Tourmaline — Purple
72. Purple Jade — Purple
73. Purple Quartz — Purple

Amethyst is one of the most widely recognized purple gemstones and is a variety of quartz.

6. Yellow and Golden Gemstones

Yellow gemstones can range from pale lemon tones to deep golden colors.

74. Yellow Sapphire — Yellow
75. Citrine — Yellow to Golden
76. Golden Beryl — Golden Yellow
77. Heliodor — Yellow to Golden
78. Yellow Topaz — Yellow
79. Yellow Diamond — Yellow
80. Golden Labradorite — Golden
81. Yellow Tourmaline — Yellow
82. Yellow Garnet — Yellow
83. Chrysoberyl — Yellow to Greenish Yellow
84. Amber — Golden Yellow to Orange
85. Golden Rutile Quartz — Golden Inclusions
86. Honey Calcite — Honey Yellow
87. Yellow Fluorite — Yellow

Citrine and yellow sapphire are popular choices for people who prefer warm golden and yellow tones.

7. Orange Gemstones

Orange gemstones can have bright, warm, reddish, or golden appearances.

88. Orange Sapphire — Orange
89. Spessartine Garnet — Orange
90. Carnelian — Orange to Red
91. Fire Opal — Orange
92. Orange Tourmaline — Orange
93. Orange Zircon — Orange
94. Sunstone — Orange to Peach
95. Orange Calcite — Orange
96. Imperial Topaz — Golden Orange
97. Mexican Fire Opal — Orange to Red
98. Orange Agate — Orange

Orange gemstones can create particularly warm-looking jewelry and can work well with gold-colored settings.

8. White and Clear Gemstones

White and colorless gemstones are often used for elegant and minimalist jewelry.

99. Diamond — Colorless to Various Colors
100. White Sapphire — Colorless to White
101. White Topaz — Colorless
102. Clear Quartz — Colorless
103. White Zircon — Colorless to White
104. Moonstone — White to Cream
105. White Opal — White
106. Selenite — White to Clear
107. Howlite — White with Gray Veins
108. White Agate — White
109. Goshenite — Colorless
110. Rock Crystal — Clear

Diamond is especially well known for its brilliance, while moonstone is recognized for its soft glow and optical effect.

9. Black Gemstones

Black gemstones can create a bold, modern, or dramatic appearance.

111. Black Onyx — Black
112. Black Tourmaline — Black
113. Black Spinel — Black
114. Black Diamond — Black
115. Obsidian — Black
116. Hematite — Metallic Gray to Black
117. Jet — Black
118. Black Agate — Black
119. Shungite — Black
120. Black Jade — Black to Dark Green
121. Apache Tear — Black to Dark Gray
122. Nuummite — Black with Golden Flecks

Black gemstones are often used in rings, bracelets, pendants, and statement jewelry.

10. Brown Gemstones

Brown gemstones can range from light honey and tan colors to deep chocolate shades.

123. Smoky Quartz — Brown to Gray
124. Tiger’s Eye — Golden Brown
125. Brown Zircon — Brown
126. Brown Tourmaline — Brown
127. Bronzite — Brown
128. Chocolate Opal — Brown
129. Brown Topaz — Brown
130. Mahogany Obsidian — Brown and Black
131. Picture Jasper — Brown with Patterns
132. Petrified Wood — Brown and Multicolored

Brown gemstones often have earthy appearances and can pair well with warm-colored metals.

11. Multicolored Gemstones

Some gemstones are famous for displaying several colors or distinctive patterns.

133. Opal — Multicolored
134. Labradorite — Gray with Blue, Green, or Golden Flashes
135. Ammolite — Multicolored
136. Watermelon Tourmaline — Pink and Green
137. Ametrine — Purple and Yellow
138. Boulder Opal — Multicolored
139. Fire Agate — Orange, Red, and Brown
140. Rainbow Moonstone — White with Colorful Flashes
141. Moss Agate — Green and White
142. Ocean Jasper — Multicolored Patterns
143. Picasso Jasper — Gray, Brown, and Black Patterns
144. Unakite — Green and Pink
145. Pietersite — Blue, Brown, and Gold
146. Fluorite — Green, Purple, Blue, and Other Colors

Multicolored gemstones can be particularly interesting because each stone may have a different natural pattern.

12. Rare and Unusual Gemstones

Beyond the best-known gemstones, there are many less common varieties with distinctive appearances.

147. Alexandrite — Green to Red/Purple
148. Paraíba Tourmaline — Blue to Green
149. Benitoite — Blue
150. Grandidierite — Blue-Green
151. Jeremejevite — Pale Blue to Colorless
152. Moldavite — Green
153. Larimar — Blue and White
154. Painite — Brownish Red
155. Hackmanite — Violet to Pink
156. Serendibite — Blue-Green to Black
157. Ekanite — Greenish Brown
158. Danburite — Colorless to Yellow
159. Clinohumite — Yellow to Orange
160. Sinhalite — Greenish Brown

These stones are examples of the enormous variety found in the world of minerals and gemstones.

How Are Gemstones Classified by Color?

Gemstone color is generally described using three main characteristics: hue, tone, and saturation.

Hue

Hue refers to the basic color, such as red, blue, green, or yellow.

Tone

Tone describes how light or dark the gemstone appears.

Saturation

Saturation describes the intensity or strength of the color.

For example, two sapphires may both be blue, but one may be pale blue while another has a much deeper and more saturated blue appearance.

Why Do Gemstones Have Different Colors?

Gemstone color can be influenced by several factors. Trace elements within a mineral can affect how it absorbs and reflects light. Structural differences, inclusions, and other natural characteristics can also influence appearance.

For some gemstones, treatments may also change or enhance their color. This is why gemstone descriptions should be checked carefully when purchasing valuable stones.

How to Choose a Gemstone Color

Choosing a gemstone color is largely a matter of personal preference.

Consider Your Favorite Colors

If you naturally prefer blue, sapphire, aquamarine, or blue topaz may appeal to you. People who prefer green might explore emerald, jade, or peridot.

Consider the Jewelry Design

The color of the gemstone should work with the metal and overall design of the jewelry. Some colors create a strong contrast, while others provide a softer appearance.

Consider the Occasion

Some people choose subtle gemstones for everyday jewelry and brighter or larger stones for special occasions.

Consider Natural Variation

Two stones of the same gemstone variety may not look exactly alike. Natural variation is one of the features that makes gemstones interesting.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the most popular gemstones?

Some well-known gemstones include diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, amethyst, aquamarine, topaz, garnet, opal, tourmaline, peridot, and citrine.

What gemstone is blue?

Sapphire is one of the best-known blue gemstones. Other blue gemstones include aquamarine, blue topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and blue zircon.

What gemstone is green?

Emerald is one of the most famous green gemstones. Other green gemstones include peridot, jade, green tourmaline, tsavorite garnet, and chrysoprase.

What gemstone is red?

Ruby is the classic red gemstone. Other red stones include red spinel, red garnet, rubellite, carnelian, and red beryl.

What gemstones are pink?

Pink sapphire, pink tourmaline, morganite, rose quartz, pink spinel, and pink topaz are examples of pink gemstones.

What gemstones are purple?

Amethyst is the most familiar purple gemstone. Other examples include purple sapphire, purple spinel, charoite, sugilite, and purple fluorite.

Can one gemstone have different colors?

Yes. Some gemstones naturally occur in multiple colors. Certain varieties can also display more than one color within the same stone. For example, tourmaline can occur in green, pink, blue, red, yellow, and multicolored varieties.

Conclusion

The world of gemstones includes an incredible variety of colors, patterns, and natural appearances. From the deep red of ruby and bright green of emerald to the blue of sapphire, purple of amethyst, yellow of citrine, pink of morganite, and black of onyx, there is a gemstone for almost every color preference.

This list of 100+ gemstone names and their colors provides a useful introduction to some of the many varieties available. Remember that gemstone color can vary naturally, and some stones may appear in several different colors depending on their variety and characteristics.

Whether you are interested in jewelry, collecting, fashion, mineralogy, or simply learning more about beautiful natural stones, exploring gemstone colors is a fascinating way to discover the diversity of the mineral world.